Copy a Azure SQL database across subscriptions

If you want to copy an Azure SQL database across subscriptions there is no native way of doing this out-of-the-box in Azure.

You could do a backup and restore, but that is time-consuming and tedious work. Microsoft has pointed out in this article it can "only" be done by using T-SQL. Instead of manually going through this process every time, I decided to create a PowerShell script that encapsulates the SQL commands necessary to do the copy across subscriptions.

Requirements

Before we can proceed, please read the requirements:

Make sure you have the library "Microsoft Active Directory Authentication Library for Microsoft SQL Server" installed in 64-bit
Running at least PowerShell 5.1 or higher

Usage

You can use the following format for the script.

.\Copy-AzureSqlDatabase.ps1 -SourceDbServer '<source server>.database.windows.net' `
                            -SourceDbName '<source database>' `
                            -SourceLoginType '<AADPassword/SQLUser/AadContext>' `
                            -SourceUsername '' `
                            -TargetDbServer '<target server>.database.windows.net' `
                            -TargetDbName '<target db (will be created)>' `
                            -TargetLoginType '<AADPassword/SQLUser/AadContext>' `
                            -TargetUsername '';

.\Copy-AzureSqlDatabase.ps1 -SourceDbServer '<source server>.database.windows.net' `

-SourceDbName '<source database>' `

-SourceLoginType '<AADPassword/SQLUser/AadContext>' `

-SourceUsername '' `

-TargetDbServer '<target server>.database.windows.net' `

-TargetDbName '<target db (will be created)>' `

-TargetLoginType '<AADPassword/SQLUser/AadContext>' `

-TargetUsername '';

When you are using either SQL user or AAD Password as a authentication provider, you must provide username and password (must be secure string) for SQL server login.

The code

In the following code which also can be found on GitHub, you only need to adjust from line 31 to 61 according to your environment.

# Must be running PowerShell version 5.1.
#Requires -Version 5.1;

# Must have the following modules installed.
#Requires -Module Az.Accounts;

# Make sure that you have the following dll (x64) installed:
#https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/confirmation.aspx?id=48742

# Also make sure that you have installed the following modules:
#Install-Module -Name Az.Accounts -SkipPublisherCheck -Force -Scope CurrentUser;

<#
.SYNOPSIS
  Copy Azure SQL Database from one server to another.

.DESCRIPTION
  .

.NOTES
  Version:        1.1
  Author:         Alex Ø. T. Hansen (ath@systemadmins.com)
  Creation Date:  12-05-2022
  Purpose/Change: Initial script development
#>

#region begin boostrap
############### Bootstrap - Start ###############

# Parameters.
Param
(
    # Source - Username and password for the Azure SQL Server.
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][string]$SourceUsername,
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][securestring]$SourcePassword,

    # Source - Login type to user (AAD or SQL).
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][ValidateSet("AADPassword", "SQLUser", "AadContext")][string]$SourceLoginType = 'AadContext', #or SQLUser / AadContext

    # Source - Server where the source database is stored.
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$SourceDbServer,

    # Source - Database to copy from.
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$SourceDbName,

    # Target - Username and password for the Azure SQL Server.
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][string]$TargetUsername,
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][securestring]$TargetPassword,

    # Target - Login type to user (AAD or SQL).
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][ValidateSet("AADPassword", "SQLUser", "AadContext")][string]$TargetLoginType = 'AadContext', #or SQLUser / AadContext

    # Target - Server where the target database will be stored.
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$TargetDbServer,

    # Target - The database that will be created in the target with a copy.
    [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$TargetDbName
)

# Clear host.
#Clear-Host;

# Import module(s).
Import-Module -Name Az.Accounts -Force -DisableNameChecking;

############### Bootstrap - End ###############
#endregion

#region begin input
############### Input - Start ###############

############### Input - End ###############
#endregion

#region begin functions
############### Functions - Start ###############

# Write to log.
Function Write-Log
{
    [cmdletbinding()]   

    Param
    (
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][string]$Text
    )

    # If text is not present.
    If([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($Text))
    {
        # Write to the console.
        Write-Host("");
    }
    Else
    {
        # Write to the console.
        Write-Host("[{0}]: {1}" -f (Get-Date).ToString("dd/MM-yyyy HH:mm:ss"), $Text);
    }
}

# Convert secure password to plain text.
Function Convert-SecurePassword
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
        # Source and destination database server.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][securestring]$SecureString
    )

    # Convert from secure string to plain text.
    $BSTR = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SecureStringToBSTR($SecureString);
    [string]$UnsecurePassword = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringAuto($BSTR);

    # Return unsecure password.
    Return $UnsecurePassword;
}

# Execute query against SQL server.
Function Invoke-SqlQuery
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
        # Connection string to the database.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString,

        # Query to invoke.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$Query
    )

    # Write to log.
    #Write-Log -Text ("Executing query:");
    #Write-Log -Text ($Query);

    # Create object with connection string.
    $DatabaseConnection = New-Object System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection;
    $DatabaseConnection.ConnectionString = $ConnectionString.ConnectionString;

    # If token is specificed.
    If($ConnectionString.AccessToken)
    {
        # Add the token.
        $DatabaseConnection.AccessToken = $ConnectionString.AccessToken;
    }

    # Connect to database.
    $DatabaseConnection.Open();

    # Construct command.
    $DatabaseQuery = New-Object System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand;
    $DatabaseQuery.Connection = $ConnectionString;
    $DatabaseQuery.CommandText = $Query;
    $DatabaseQuery.CommandTimeout = 0;;

    # Fetch all results.
    $Dataset = New-Object System.Data.DataSet;
    $Adapter = New-Object System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataAdapter;
    $Adapter.SelectCommand = $DatabaseQuery;
    $Adapter.Fill($Dataset) | Out-Null;

    # Close connection.
    $DatabaseConnection.Close();

    # Return results.
    Return $Dataset.Tables;
}

# Get Azure access token.
Function Get-AzureSqlToken
{
    # Resource URL.
    $DbResourceUrl = 'https://database.windows.net/';

    # Get the access token.
    $AccessToken = Get-AzAccessToken -ResourceUrl $dbResourceUrl;

    # Extract the token.
    [string]$Token = $accessToken.Token;

    # Return token.
    Return $Token;
}

# Construct SQL connection string.
Function Get-SqlConnectionString
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
        # Server name.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$Server,

        # Server port.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][int]$Port = 1433,

        # Server port.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][string]$Database = "master",

        # Username.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][string]$Username,

        # Password.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][securestring]$Password,

        # Connection type.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][ValidateSet("AADPassword", "SQLUser", "AadContext")][string]$LoginType
    )

    # If the password is set.
    If($Password)
    {
        # Convert from secure string to plain text.
        [string]$UnsecurePassword = Convert-SecurePassword -SecureString $Password;
    }

    # If the login type is "Azure Active Directory - Passsword".
    If($LoginType -eq "AADPassword")
    {
        # Write to log.
        Write-Log ("Using Azure AD password login for server '{0}' for data '{1}'" -f $Server, $Database);

        # Get basic connection string.
        [string]$ConnectionString = ('Server=tcp:{0},{1};Persist Security Info=False;Authentication=Active Directory Password;User ID={2};Password={3};MultipleActiveResultSets=False;Encrypt=False;TrustServerCertificate=True;;' -f $Server, $Port, $Username, $UnsecurePassword);
    }
    # Else if the login type is "SQL Server Authentication".
    ElseIf($LoginType -eq "SQLUser")
    {
        # Write to log.
        Write-Log ("Using SQL login for server '{0}' for data '{1}'" -f $Server, $Database);

        # Get basic connection string.
        [string]$ConnectionString = ('Server=tcp:{0},{1};User ID={2};Password={3};MultipleActiveResultSets=False;Encrypt=False;TrustServerCertificate=True;' -f $Server, $Port, $Username, $UnsecurePassword);
    }
    # Else if the login type is "Azure AD Context".
    ElseIf($LoginType -eq "AadContext")
    {
        # Write to log.
        Write-Log ("Using Azure AD context login for server '{0}' for data '{1}'" -f $Server, $Database);

        # Get basic connection string.
        [string]$ConnectionString = ('Data Source={0};Trusted_Connection=False;Encrypt=True;' -f $Server);

        # Get Azure AD token.
        $AadAccessToken = Get-AzureSqlToken;
    }

    # If database is set else we will connect to "master".
    If(!([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($Database)))
    {
        # If Azure AD context authentication.
        If($LoginType -eq "AadContext")
        {
            # Add database to string.
            $ConnectionString += ('Initial Catalog={0};' -f $Database);
        }
        Else
        {
            # Add database to string.
            $ConnectionString += ('Database={0};' -f $Database);
        }
    }

    # Create object.
    $SqlConnection = [PSCustomObject]@{
        ConnectionString = $ConnectionString;
    };

    # If token is set.
    If($AadAccessToken)
    {
        # Set Azure AD token.
        $SqlConnection | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name AccessToken -Value $AadAccessToken -Force;
    }

    # Return connection string.
    Return $SqlConnection;
}

# Create SQL login.
Function New-SqlLogin
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
        # Connection string.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString,

        # Login name.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$LoginName,

        # SID.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][string]$SID,

        # Password.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][securestring]$Password
    )

    # If the password is set.
    If($Password)
    {
        # Convert from secure string to plain text.
        [string]$UnsecurePassword = Convert-SecurePassword -SecureString $Password;
    }

    # Get existing.
    $SqlLogins = Get-SqlLogin -ConnectionString $ConnectionString;

    # Check if login already exist.
    If($SqlLogins | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq $LoginName})
    {
        # Write to log.
        Write-Log ("Login '{0}' already exist" -f $LoginName);

        # Update password.
        Reset-SqlLoginPassword -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -LoginName $LoginName -Password $Password;
    }
    Else
    {

        # Construct query.
        [string]$Query =
@"
CREATE LOGIN [$LoginName] WITH PASSWORD = N'$UnsecurePassword'
"@;

        # If SID is set.
        If(!([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($SID)))
        {
            # Add to query.
            $Query = ("{0}, SID = {1}" -f $Query, $SID);
        }

        # Try to create.
        Try
        {
            # Create SQL login.
            Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

            # Write to log.
            Write-Log ("Creating new login named '{0}'" -f $LoginName);
        }
        Catch
        {
            # Write to log.
            Write-Log ("Something went wrong creating the login named '{0}'" -f $LoginName);
        }
    }
}

# Create SQL login.
Function New-SqlUser
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
        # Connection string.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString,

        # Login name.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$LoginName,

        # Default schema.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][ValidateSet("dbo")][string]$DefaultSchema
    )

    # Get existing.
    $SqlUsers = Get-SqlUser -ConnectionString $ConnectionString;

    # Check if login already exist.
    If($SqlUsers | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq $LoginName})
    {
        # Write to log.
        Write-Log ("SQL user '{0}' already exist" -f $LoginName);
    }
    Else
    {
        # Construct query.
        [string]$Query =
@"
CREATE USER [$LoginName] FOR LOGIN [$LoginName] WITH DEFAULT_SCHEMA=[$DefaultSchema];
"@;

        # Try to create.
        Try
        {
            # Invoke query.
            Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

            # Write to log.
            Write-Log ("Creating new user named '{0}' with the default schema '{1}'" -f $LoginName, $DefaultSchema);
        }
        Catch
        {
            # Write to log.
            Write-Log ("Something went wrong creating the login named '{0}' with the default schema '{1}'" -f $LoginName, $DefaultSchema);
        }
    }
}

# Reset SQL login password.
Function Reset-SqlLoginPassword
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
        # Connection string.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString,

        # Login name.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$LoginName,

        # Password.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][securestring]$Password
    )

    # If the password is set.
    If($Password)
    {
        # Convert from secure string to plain text.
        [string]$UnsecurePassword = Convert-SecurePassword -SecureString $Password;
    }

    # Construct query.
    [string]$Query =
@"
ALTER LOGIN $LoginName WITH PASSWORD=N'$UnsecurePassword';
"@;

    # Try to create.
    Try
    {
        # Invoke query.
        Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

        # Write to log.
        Write-Log ("Changed password for login '{0}'" -f $LoginName);
    }
    Catch
    {
        # Write to log.
        Write-Log ("Something went wrong changing password for login '{0}'" -f $LoginName);
    }
}

# Add SQL role for login.
Function Add-SqlLoginRole
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
        # Connection string.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString,

        # Login name.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$LoginName,

        # Role.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][ValidateSet("dbmanager", "db_owner")][string]$Role
    )

    # Construct query.
    [string]$Query =
@"
ALTER ROLE [$Role] ADD MEMBER [$LoginName];
"@;

    # Try to create.
    Try
    {
        # Invoke query.
        Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

        # Write to log.
        Write-Log ("Adding role to '{0}' with '{1}'" -f $LoginName, $Role);
    }
    Catch
    {
        # Write to log.
        Write-Log ("Something went wrong changing role for login '{0}'" -f $LoginName);
    }
}

# Get SQL login.
Function Get-SqlLogin
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
        # Connection string.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString
    )

    # Construct query.
    [string]$Query =
@"
SELECT * FROM sysusers
WHERE islogin = 1
"@;

    # Try to create.
    Try
    {
        # Invoke query.
        $Result = Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

        # Return result.
        Return $Result;
    }
    Catch
    {
        # Write to log.
        Write-Log ("Something went wrong, getting logins from the database server");
    }
}

# Get SQL user.
Function Get-SqlUser
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
        # Connection string.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString
    )

    # Construct query.
    [string]$Query =
@"
select *
from sys.database_principals
where type not in ('A', 'G', 'R')
      and sid is not null
      and name != 'guest'
"@;

    # Try to create.
    Try
    {
        # Invoke query.
        $Result = Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

        # Return result.
        Return $Result;
    }
    Catch
    {
        # Write to log.
        Write-Log ("Something went wrong, getting logins from the database server");
    }
}

# Convert binary SID to hash string.
Function ConvertTo-SQLHashString
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$Binary
    )

    # Add prefix to string.
    $Result = '0x';

    # Foreach binary object.
    $Binary | ForEach-Object {$Result += ('{0:X}' -f $_).PadLeft(2, '0')};

    # Return result.
    Return $Result;
}

# Create new database from copy.
Function New-SqlDatabaseFromCopy
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
        # Connection string.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString,

        # Source server name.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$SourceServer,

        # Source database name.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$SourceDatabaseName,

        # Destination database name.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$DestinationDatabaseName,

        # Elastic pool name.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][string]$ElasticPoolName
    )

    # If elastic pool name is set.
    If(!([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($ElasticPoolName)))
    {
        # Construct query.
        [string]$Query =
@"
CREATE DATABASE [$DestinationDatabaseName]
AS COPY OF [$SourceServer].[$SourceDatabaseName]
(SERVICE_OBJECTIVE = ELASTIC_POOL(name =[$ElasticPoolName]));
"@;
    }
    # No elastic pool name set.
    Else
    {
        # Construct query.
        [string]$Query =
@"
CREATE DATABASE [$DestinationDatabaseName]
AS COPY OF [$SourceServer].[$SourceDatabaseName];
"@;
    }

    # Try to create.
    Try
    {
        # Write to log.
        Write-Log ("Copying database from '{0}' to '{1}'" -f $SourceDatabaseName, $DestinationDatabaseName);

        # Invoke query.
        Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;
    }
    Catch
    {
        # Write to log.
        Write-Log ("Something went wrong, while copying the database");
    }
}

# Get elastic pool name for databases.
Function Get-SqlElasticPoolNameForDbs
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
        # Connection string.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString
    )

    # Construct query.
    [string]$Query =
@"
SELECT
       @@SERVERNAME as [ServerName],
       dso.elastic_pool_name,
       d.name as DatabaseName,
       dso.edition
FROM
       sys.databases d inner join sys.database_service_objectives dso on d.database_id = dso.database_id
WHERE d.Name <> 'master'
"@;

    # Try to create.
    Try
    {
        # Invoke query.
        $Result = Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

        # Retur result.
        Return $Result;
    }
    Catch
    {
        # Write to log.
        Write-Log ("Something went wrong, while getting the elastic pool names for databases");
    }
}

# Drop SQL login.
Function Remove-SqlLogin
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
        # Connection string.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString,

        # Login name.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$LoginName
    )

    # Construct query.
    [string]$Query =
@"
DROP LOGIN [$LoginName]
"@;

    # Get SQL logins.
    $SqlLogins = Get-SqlLogin -ConnectionString $ConnectionString;

    # Check if login already exist.
    If(!($SqlLogins | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq $LoginName}))
    {
        # Write to log.
        Write-Log ("SQL login '{0}' doesnt exist" -f $LoginName);
    }
    # Login exist.
    Else
    {
        # Try to delete.
        Try
        {
            # Invoke query.
            Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

            # Write to log.
            Write-Log ("Dropped SQL login '{0}'" -f $LoginName);
        }
        Catch
        {
            # Write to log.
            Write-Log ("Something went wrong dropping SQL login '{0}'" -f $LoginName);
        }
    }
}

# Drop SQL user.
Function Remove-SqlUser
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
        # Connection string.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString,

        # Login name.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$LoginName
    )

    # Construct query.
    [string]$Query =
@"
DROP USER [$LoginName]
"@;

    # Get SQL logins.
    $SqlUsers = Get-SqlUser -ConnectionString $ConnectionString;

    # Check if login already exist.
    If(!($SqlUsers | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq $LoginName}))
    {
        # Write to log.
        Write-Log ("SQL user '{0}' doesnt exist" -f $LoginName);
    }
    # User exist.
    Else
    {
        # Try to create.
        Try
        {
            # Invoke query.
            Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

            # Write to log.
            Write-Log ("Dropped SQL user '{0}'" -f $LoginName);
        }
        Catch
        {
            # Write to log.
            Write-Log ("Something went wrong dropping SQL user '{0}'" -f $LoginName);
        }
    }
}

# Drop SQL database.
Function Remove-SqlDatabase
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
        # Connection string.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString,

        # Login name.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$Database
    )

    # Construct query.
    [string]$Query =
@"
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS [$Database];
"@;

    # Try to create.
    Try
    {
        # Invoke query.
        Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

        # Write to log.
        Write-Log ("Dropped database '{0}', if it existed" -f $Database);
    }
    Catch
    {
        # Write to log.
        Write-Log ("Something went wrong dropping SQL database '{0}'" -f $Database);
    }
}

# Copy SQL database from server to another in Azure.
Function Copy-AzureSqlDatabase
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
        # Source database server/database details.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$SourceDbServer,
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$SourceDbName,
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][string]$SourceUsername,
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][securestring]$SourcePassword,
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][ValidateSet("AADPassword", "SQLUser", "AadContext")][string]$SourceLoginType,

        # Target database server/database details.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$TargetDbServer,
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$TargetDbName,
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][string]$TargetUsername,
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][securestring]$TargetPassword,
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][ValidateSet("AADPassword", "SQLUser", "AadContext")][string]$TargetLoginType
    )

    # Name and password of the user which will be created to do the copy (it will be created).
    [string]$SqlUsername = 'SqlCopyAccount';
    [securestring]$SqlPassword = (New-Password -Length 18 | ConvertTo-SecureString -AsPlainText -Force);

    # Create connection string to source master database.
    $SourceConnectionStringMaster = Get-SqlConnectionString -Server $SourceDbServer `
                                                                    -Username $SourceUsername `
                                                                    -Password $SourcePassword `
                                                                    -LoginType $SourceLoginType;

    # Create connection string to source application database.
    $SourceConnectionStringApplication = Get-SqlConnectionString -Server $SourceDbServer `
                                                                    -Database $SourceDbName `
                                                                    -Username $SourceUsername `
                                                                    -Password $SourcePassword `
                                                                    -LoginType $SourceLoginType;

    # Write to log.
    Write-Log ("Connecting to '{0}' (source)" -f $SourceDbServer);

    # Drop existing login.
    Remove-SqlLogin -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringMaster -LoginName $SqlUsername;

    # Drop existing user in master database.
    Remove-SqlUser -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringMaster -LoginName $SqlUsername;

    # Drop existing user in application database.
    Remove-SqlUser -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringApplication -LoginName $SqlUsername;

    # New SQL login in master.
    New-SqlLogin -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringMaster -LoginName $SqlUsername -Password $SqlPassword;

    # Create SQL user in master.
    New-SqlUser -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringMaster -LoginName $SqlUsername -DefaultSchema dbo;

    # Add role to master.
    Add-SqlLoginRole -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringMaster -LoginName $SqlUsername -Role dbmanager;

    # New SQL user on application database.
    New-SqlUser -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringApplication -LoginName $SqlUsername -DefaultSchema dbo;

    # Add role to application database.
    Add-SqlLoginRole -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringApplication -LoginName $SqlUsername -Role db_owner;

    # Get source SQL user SID.
    [string]$SourceSqlLoginSid = (Get-SqlLogin -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringMaster | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq $SqlUsername} | Select-Object @{Name = "SID"; Expression = {ConvertTo-SQLHashString -Binary $_.sid}}).SID;

    # Create connection string to target master database.
    $DestinationConnectionStringMaster = Get-SqlConnectionString -Server $TargetDbServer `
                                                                    -Username $TargetUsername `
                                                                    -Password $TargetPassword `
                                                                    -LoginType $TargetLoginType;

    # Create connection string to target master database using SQL credentail.
    $DestinationConnectionStringMasterSqlCred = Get-SqlConnectionString -Server $TargetDbServer `
                                                                    -Username $SqlUsername `
                                                                    -Password $SqlPassword `
                                                                    -LoginType SQLUser;

    # Write to log.
    Write-Log "";
    Write-Log ("Connecting to '{0}' (target)" -f $TargetDbServer);

    # Check if source and destination is not the same.
    If($SourceDbServer -ne $TargetDbServer)
    {
        # Drop existing login.
        Remove-SqlLogin -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringMaster -LoginName $SqlUsername;

        # Drop existing user in master database.
        Remove-SqlUser -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringMaster -LoginName $SqlUsername;

        # New SQL login in master.
        New-SqlLogin -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringMaster `
                     -LoginName $SqlUsername `
                     -Password $SqlPassword `
                     -SID $SourceSqlLoginSid;

        # New SQL user on master database.
        New-SqlUser -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringMaster `
                    -LoginName $SqlUsername `
                    -DefaultSchema dbo;

        # Add role to master database.
        Add-SqlLoginRole -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringMaster `
                         -LoginName $SqlUsername `
                         -Role dbmanager;
    }
    # Server source and destination is the same.
    Else
    {
        # Write to log.
        Write-Log ("Source and target database server is the same, skipping login/user creation" -f $TargetDbServer);
    }

    # Drop database on destination if it exists.
    Remove-SqlDatabase -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringMaster -Database $TargetDbName;

    # Get elastic pool name.
    $TargetElasticPoolName = Get-SqlElasticPoolNameForDbs -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringMaster | Select-Object -ExpandProperty elastic_pool_name -First 1;

    # Copy database from source to a new database.
    New-SqlDatabaseFromCopy -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringMasterSqlCred `
                            -SourceServer ([string]($SourceDbServer -split "\.")[0]) `
                            -SourceDatabaseName $SourceDbName `
                            -DestinationDatabaseName $TargetDbName `
                            -ElasticPoolName $TargetElasticPoolName;

    # If CDC is enabled.
    If(Get-AzureSqlDatabaseCdc -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringMaster | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq $TargetDbName})
    {
        # Create connection string to target application database.
        $DestinationConnectionStringApplication = Get-SqlConnectionString -Server $TargetDbServer `
                                                                            -Database $TargetDbName `
                                                                            -Username $TargetUsername `
                                                                            -Password $TargetPassword `
                                                                            -LoginType $TargetLoginType;

        # Write to log.
        Write-Log ("Disabling CDC for database '{0}'" -f $TargetDbName);

        # Disable CDC.
        Disable-AzureSqlDatabaseCdc -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringApplication;
    }

    # Clean up SQL login and user permission.
    Remove-SqlLogin -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringMaster -LoginName $SqlUsername;
    Remove-SqlUser -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringMaster -LoginName $SqlUsername;
    Remove-SqlUser -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringApplication -LoginName $SqlUsername;
    Remove-SqlLogin -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringMaster -LoginName $SqlUsername;
    Remove-SqlUser -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringMaster -LoginName $SqlUsername;
}

# Generate password.
Function New-Password
{
    param
    (
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)][int]$Length = 20
    )

    # Characters allowed.
    $CharSet = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789!@$'.ToCharArray();

    # Create new crypto object.
    $RNGCrypto = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.RNGCryptoServiceProvider;

    # Convert length to bytes.
    $Bytes = New-Object byte[]($Length);

    # Get bytes.
    $RNGCrypto.GetBytes($Bytes);

    # New char object.
    $Result = New-Object char[]($Length);

    # For each byte.
    for ($i = 0 ; $i -lt $Length ; $i++)
    {
        # Add random char to result.
        $Result[$i] = $CharSet[$Bytes[$i]%$CharSet.Length];
    }

    # Combine and return charset.
    Return (-join $Result) + "==";
}

# Get database with CDC enabled.
Function Get-AzureSqlDatabaseCdc
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
        # Connection string.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString
    )

    # Construct query.
    [string]$Query =
@"
SELECT name, database_id, is_cdc_enabled FROM sys.databases
WHERE is_cdc_enabled = 1
"@;

    # Try to create.
    Try
    {
        # Invoke query.
        Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;
    }
    Catch
    {
        # Write to log.
        Write-Log ("Something went wrong getting databases with CDC enabled");
    }
}

# Disable database CDC.
Function Disable-AzureSqlDatabaseCdc
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param
    (
        # Connection string.
        [Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString
    )

    # Construct query.
    [string]$Query =
@"
EXEC sys.sp_cdc_disable_db;
"@;

    # Try to create.
    Try
    {
        # Invoke query.
        Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;
    }
    Catch
    {
        # Write to log.
        Write-Log ("Something went wrong getting databases with CDC enabled");
    }
}

############### Functions - End ###############
#endregion

#region begin main
############### Main - Start ###############

# Copy Azure SQL database.
Copy-AzureSqlDatabase -SourceDbServer $SourceDbServer `
                      -SourceDbName $SourceDbName `
                      -SourceUsername $SourceUsername `
                      -SourcePassword $SourcePassword `
                      -SourceLoginType $SourceLoginType `
                      -TargetDbServer $TargetDbServer `
                      -TargetDbName $TargetDbName `
                      -TargetUsername $TargetUsername `
                      -TargetPassword $TargetPassword `
                      -TargetLoginType $TargetLoginType;

############### Main - End ###############
#endregion

#region begin finalize
############### Finalize - Start ###############

############### Finalize - End ###############
#endregion

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# Must be running PowerShell version 5.1.

#Requires -Version 5.1;

# Must have the following modules installed.

#Requires -Module Az.Accounts;

# Make sure that you have the following dll (x64) installed:

#https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/confirmation.aspx?id=48742

# Also make sure that you have installed the following modules:

#Install-Module -Name Az.Accounts -SkipPublisherCheck -Force -Scope CurrentUser;

.SYNOPSIS

Copy Azure SQL Database from one server to another.

.DESCRIPTION

.NOTES

Version: 1.1

Author: Alex Ø. T. Hansen (ath@systemadmins.com)

Creation Date: 12-05-2022

Purpose/Change: Initial script development

#region begin boostrap

############### Bootstrap - Start ###############

# Parameters.

Param

(

# Source - Username and password for the Azure SQL Server.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][string]$SourceUsername,

[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][securestring]$SourcePassword,

# Source - Login type to user (AAD or SQL).

[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][ValidateSet("AADPassword", "SQLUser", "AadContext")][string]$SourceLoginType = 'AadContext', #or SQLUser / AadContext

# Source - Server where the source database is stored.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$SourceDbServer,

# Source - Database to copy from.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$SourceDbName,

# Target - Username and password for the Azure SQL Server.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][string]$TargetUsername,

[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][securestring]$TargetPassword,

# Target - Login type to user (AAD or SQL).

[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][ValidateSet("AADPassword", "SQLUser", "AadContext")][string]$TargetLoginType = 'AadContext', #or SQLUser / AadContext

# Target - Server where the target database will be stored.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$TargetDbServer,

# Target - The database that will be created in the target with a copy.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$TargetDbName

)

# Clear host.

#Clear-Host;

# Import module(s).

Import-Module -Name Az.Accounts -Force -DisableNameChecking;

############### Bootstrap - End ###############

#endregion

#region begin input

############### Input - Start ###############

############### Input - End ###############

#endregion

#region begin functions

############### Functions - Start ###############

# Write to log.

Function Write-Log

{

[cmdletbinding()]

Param

(

[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][string]$Text

)

# If text is not present.

If([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($Text))

{

# Write to the console.

Write-Host("");

}

Else

{

# Write to the console.

Write-Host("[{0}]: {1}" -f (Get-Date).ToString("dd/MM-yyyy HH:mm:ss"), $Text);

}

# Convert secure password to plain text.

Function Convert-SecurePassword

{

[CmdletBinding()]

param

(

# Source and destination database server.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][securestring]$SecureString

)

# Convert from secure string to plain text.

$BSTR = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SecureStringToBSTR($SecureString);

[string]$UnsecurePassword = [System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringAuto($BSTR);

# Return unsecure password.

Return $UnsecurePassword;

}

# Execute query against SQL server.

Function Invoke-SqlQuery

{

[CmdletBinding()]

param

(

# Connection string to the database.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString,

# Query to invoke.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$Query

)

# Write to log.

#Write-Log -Text ("Executing query:");

#Write-Log -Text ($Query);

# Create object with connection string.

$DatabaseConnection = New-Object System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection;

$DatabaseConnection.ConnectionString = $ConnectionString.ConnectionString;

# If token is specificed.

If($ConnectionString.AccessToken)

{

# Add the token.

$DatabaseConnection.AccessToken = $ConnectionString.AccessToken;

}

# Connect to database.

$DatabaseConnection.Open();

# Construct command.

$DatabaseQuery = New-Object System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand;

$DatabaseQuery.Connection = $ConnectionString;

$DatabaseQuery.CommandText = $Query;

$DatabaseQuery.CommandTimeout = 0;;

# Fetch all results.

$Dataset = New-Object System.Data.DataSet;

$Adapter = New-Object System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataAdapter;

$Adapter.SelectCommand = $DatabaseQuery;

$Adapter.Fill($Dataset) | Out-Null;

# Close connection.

$DatabaseConnection.Close();

# Return results.

Return $Dataset.Tables;

}

# Get Azure access token.

Function Get-AzureSqlToken

{

# Resource URL.

$DbResourceUrl = 'https://database.windows.net/';

# Get the access token.

$AccessToken = Get-AzAccessToken -ResourceUrl $dbResourceUrl;

# Extract the token.

[string]$Token = $accessToken.Token;

# Return token.

Return $Token;

}

# Construct SQL connection string.

Function Get-SqlConnectionString

{

[CmdletBinding()]

param

(

# Server name.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$Server,

# Server port.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][int]$Port = 1433,

# Server port.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][string]$Database = "master",

# Username.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][string]$Username,

# Password.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][securestring]$Password,

# Connection type.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][ValidateSet("AADPassword", "SQLUser", "AadContext")][string]$LoginType

)

# If the password is set.

If($Password)

{

# Convert from secure string to plain text.

[string]$UnsecurePassword = Convert-SecurePassword -SecureString $Password;

}

# If the login type is "Azure Active Directory - Passsword".

If($LoginType -eq "AADPassword")

{

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Using Azure AD password login for server '{0}' for data '{1}'" -f $Server, $Database);

# Get basic connection string.

[string]$ConnectionString = ('Server=tcp:{0},{1};Persist Security Info=False;Authentication=Active Directory Password;User ID={2};Password={3};MultipleActiveResultSets=False;Encrypt=False;TrustServerCertificate=True;;' -f $Server, $Port, $Username, $UnsecurePassword);

}

# Else if the login type is "SQL Server Authentication".

ElseIf($LoginType -eq "SQLUser")

{

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Using SQL login for server '{0}' for data '{1}'" -f $Server, $Database);

# Get basic connection string.

[string]$ConnectionString = ('Server=tcp:{0},{1};User ID={2};Password={3};MultipleActiveResultSets=False;Encrypt=False;TrustServerCertificate=True;' -f $Server, $Port, $Username, $UnsecurePassword);

}

# Else if the login type is "Azure AD Context".

ElseIf($LoginType -eq "AadContext")

{

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Using Azure AD context login for server '{0}' for data '{1}'" -f $Server, $Database);

# Get basic connection string.

[string]$ConnectionString = ('Data Source={0};Trusted_Connection=False;Encrypt=True;' -f $Server);

# Get Azure AD token.

$AadAccessToken = Get-AzureSqlToken;

}

# If database is set else we will connect to "master".

If(!([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($Database)))

{

# If Azure AD context authentication.

If($LoginType -eq "AadContext")

{

# Add database to string.

$ConnectionString += ('Initial Catalog={0};' -f $Database);

}

Else

{

# Add database to string.

$ConnectionString += ('Database={0};' -f $Database);

}

# Create object.

$SqlConnection = [PSCustomObject]@{

ConnectionString = $ConnectionString;

};

# If token is set.

If($AadAccessToken)

{

# Set Azure AD token.

$SqlConnection | Add-Member -MemberType NoteProperty -Name AccessToken -Value $AadAccessToken -Force;

}

# Return connection string.

Return $SqlConnection;

}

# Create SQL login.

Function New-SqlLogin

{

[CmdletBinding()]

param

(

# Connection string.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString,

# Login name.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$LoginName,

# SID.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][string]$SID,

# Password.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][securestring]$Password

)

# If the password is set.

If($Password)

{

# Convert from secure string to plain text.

[string]$UnsecurePassword = Convert-SecurePassword -SecureString $Password;

}

# Get existing.

$SqlLogins = Get-SqlLogin -ConnectionString $ConnectionString;

# Check if login already exist.

If($SqlLogins | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq $LoginName})

{

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Login '{0}' already exist" -f $LoginName);

# Update password.

Reset-SqlLoginPassword -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -LoginName $LoginName -Password $Password;

}

Else

{

# Construct query.

[string]$Query =

CREATE LOGIN [$LoginName] WITH PASSWORD = N'$UnsecurePassword'

"@;

# If SID is set.

If(!([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($SID)))

{

# Add to query.

$Query = ("{0}, SID = {1}" -f $Query, $SID);

}

# Try to create.

Try

{

# Create SQL login.

Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Creating new login named '{0}'" -f $LoginName);

}

Catch

{

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Something went wrong creating the login named '{0}'" -f $LoginName);

}

# Create SQL login.

Function New-SqlUser

{

[CmdletBinding()]

param

(

# Connection string.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString,

# Login name.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$LoginName,

# Default schema.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][ValidateSet("dbo")][string]$DefaultSchema

)

# Get existing.

$SqlUsers = Get-SqlUser -ConnectionString $ConnectionString;

# Check if login already exist.

If($SqlUsers | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq $LoginName})

{

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("SQL user '{0}' already exist" -f $LoginName);

}

Else

{

# Construct query.

[string]$Query =

CREATE USER [$LoginName] FOR LOGIN [$LoginName] WITH DEFAULT_SCHEMA=[$DefaultSchema];

"@;

# Try to create.

Try

{

# Invoke query.

Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Creating new user named '{0}' with the default schema '{1}'" -f $LoginName, $DefaultSchema);

}

Catch

{

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Something went wrong creating the login named '{0}' with the default schema '{1}'" -f $LoginName, $DefaultSchema);

}

# Reset SQL login password.

Function Reset-SqlLoginPassword

{

[CmdletBinding()]

param

(

# Connection string.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString,

# Login name.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$LoginName,

# Password.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][securestring]$Password

)

# If the password is set.

If($Password)

{

# Convert from secure string to plain text.

[string]$UnsecurePassword = Convert-SecurePassword -SecureString $Password;

}

# Construct query.

[string]$Query =

ALTER LOGIN $LoginName WITH PASSWORD=N'$UnsecurePassword';

"@;

# Try to create.

Try

{

# Invoke query.

Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Changed password for login '{0}'" -f $LoginName);

}

Catch

{

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Something went wrong changing password for login '{0}'" -f $LoginName);

}

# Add SQL role for login.

Function Add-SqlLoginRole

{

[CmdletBinding()]

param

(

# Connection string.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString,

# Login name.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$LoginName,

# Role.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][ValidateSet("dbmanager", "db_owner")][string]$Role

)

# Construct query.

[string]$Query =

ALTER ROLE [$Role] ADD MEMBER [$LoginName];

"@;

# Try to create.

Try

{

# Invoke query.

Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Adding role to '{0}' with '{1}'" -f $LoginName, $Role);

}

Catch

{

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Something went wrong changing role for login '{0}'" -f $LoginName);

}

# Get SQL login.

Function Get-SqlLogin

{

[CmdletBinding()]

param

(

# Connection string.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString

)

# Construct query.

[string]$Query =

SELECT * FROM sysusers

WHERE islogin = 1

"@;

# Try to create.

Try

{

# Invoke query.

$Result = Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

# Return result.

Return $Result;

}

Catch

{

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Something went wrong, getting logins from the database server");

}

# Get SQL user.

Function Get-SqlUser

{

[CmdletBinding()]

param

(

# Connection string.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString

)

# Construct query.

[string]$Query =

select *

from sys.database_principals

where type not in ('A', 'G', 'R')

and sid is not null

and name != 'guest'

"@;

# Try to create.

Try

{

# Invoke query.

$Result = Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

# Return result.

Return $Result;

}

Catch

{

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Something went wrong, getting logins from the database server");

}

# Convert binary SID to hash string.

Function ConvertTo-SQLHashString

{

[CmdletBinding()]

param

(

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$Binary

)

# Add prefix to string.

$Result = '0x';

# Foreach binary object.

$Binary | ForEach-Object {$Result += ('{0:X}' -f $_).PadLeft(2, '0')};

# Return result.

Return $Result;

}

# Create new database from copy.

Function New-SqlDatabaseFromCopy

{

[CmdletBinding()]

param

(

# Connection string.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString,

# Source server name.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$SourceServer,

# Source database name.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$SourceDatabaseName,

# Destination database name.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$DestinationDatabaseName,

# Elastic pool name.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][string]$ElasticPoolName

)

# If elastic pool name is set.

If(!([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($ElasticPoolName)))

{

# Construct query.

[string]$Query =

CREATE DATABASE [$DestinationDatabaseName]

AS COPY OF [$SourceServer].[$SourceDatabaseName]

(SERVICE_OBJECTIVE = ELASTIC_POOL(name =[$ElasticPoolName]));

"@;

}

# No elastic pool name set.

Else

{

# Construct query.

[string]$Query =

CREATE DATABASE [$DestinationDatabaseName]

AS COPY OF [$SourceServer].[$SourceDatabaseName];

"@;

}

# Try to create.

Try

{

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Copying database from '{0}' to '{1}'" -f $SourceDatabaseName, $DestinationDatabaseName);

# Invoke query.

Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

}

Catch

{

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Something went wrong, while copying the database");

}

# Get elastic pool name for databases.

Function Get-SqlElasticPoolNameForDbs

{

[CmdletBinding()]

param

(

# Connection string.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString

)

# Construct query.

[string]$Query =

SELECT

@@SERVERNAME as [ServerName],

dso.elastic_pool_name,

d.name as DatabaseName,

dso.edition

FROM

sys.databases d inner join sys.database_service_objectives dso on d.database_id = dso.database_id

WHERE d.Name <> 'master'

"@;

# Try to create.

Try

{

# Invoke query.

$Result = Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

# Retur result.

Return $Result;

}

Catch

{

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Something went wrong, while getting the elastic pool names for databases");

}

# Drop SQL login.

Function Remove-SqlLogin

{

[CmdletBinding()]

param

(

# Connection string.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString,

# Login name.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$LoginName

)

# Construct query.

[string]$Query =

DROP LOGIN [$LoginName]

"@;

# Get SQL logins.

$SqlLogins = Get-SqlLogin -ConnectionString $ConnectionString;

# Check if login already exist.

If(!($SqlLogins | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq $LoginName}))

{

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("SQL login '{0}' doesnt exist" -f $LoginName);

}

# Login exist.

Else

{

# Try to delete.

Try

{

# Invoke query.

Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Dropped SQL login '{0}'" -f $LoginName);

}

Catch

{

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Something went wrong dropping SQL login '{0}'" -f $LoginName);

}

# Drop SQL user.

Function Remove-SqlUser

{

[CmdletBinding()]

param

(

# Connection string.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString,

# Login name.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$LoginName

)

# Construct query.

[string]$Query =

DROP USER [$LoginName]

"@;

# Get SQL logins.

$SqlUsers = Get-SqlUser -ConnectionString $ConnectionString;

# Check if login already exist.

If(!($SqlUsers | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq $LoginName}))

{

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("SQL user '{0}' doesnt exist" -f $LoginName);

}

# User exist.

Else

{

# Try to create.

Try

{

# Invoke query.

Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Dropped SQL user '{0}'" -f $LoginName);

}

Catch

{

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Something went wrong dropping SQL user '{0}'" -f $LoginName);

}

# Drop SQL database.

Function Remove-SqlDatabase

{

[CmdletBinding()]

param

(

# Connection string.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString,

# Login name.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$Database

)

# Construct query.

[string]$Query =

DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS [$Database];

"@;

# Try to create.

Try

{

# Invoke query.

Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Dropped database '{0}', if it existed" -f $Database);

}

Catch

{

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Something went wrong dropping SQL database '{0}'" -f $Database);

}

# Copy SQL database from server to another in Azure.

Function Copy-AzureSqlDatabase

{

[CmdletBinding()]

param

(

# Source database server/database details.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$SourceDbServer,

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$SourceDbName,

[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][string]$SourceUsername,

[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][securestring]$SourcePassword,

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][ValidateSet("AADPassword", "SQLUser", "AadContext")][string]$SourceLoginType,

# Target database server/database details.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$TargetDbServer,

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][string]$TargetDbName,

[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][string]$TargetUsername,

[Parameter(Mandatory=$false)][securestring]$TargetPassword,

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)][ValidateSet("AADPassword", "SQLUser", "AadContext")][string]$TargetLoginType

)

# Name and password of the user which will be created to do the copy (it will be created).

[string]$SqlUsername = 'SqlCopyAccount';

[securestring]$SqlPassword = (New-Password -Length 18 | ConvertTo-SecureString -AsPlainText -Force);

# Create connection string to source master database.

$SourceConnectionStringMaster = Get-SqlConnectionString -Server $SourceDbServer `

-Username $SourceUsername `

-Password $SourcePassword `

-LoginType $SourceLoginType;

# Create connection string to source application database.

$SourceConnectionStringApplication = Get-SqlConnectionString -Server $SourceDbServer `

-Database $SourceDbName `

-Username $SourceUsername `

-Password $SourcePassword `

-LoginType $SourceLoginType;

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Connecting to '{0}' (source)" -f $SourceDbServer);

# Drop existing login.

Remove-SqlLogin -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringMaster -LoginName $SqlUsername;

# Drop existing user in master database.

Remove-SqlUser -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringMaster -LoginName $SqlUsername;

# Drop existing user in application database.

Remove-SqlUser -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringApplication -LoginName $SqlUsername;

# New SQL login in master.

New-SqlLogin -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringMaster -LoginName $SqlUsername -Password $SqlPassword;

# Create SQL user in master.

New-SqlUser -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringMaster -LoginName $SqlUsername -DefaultSchema dbo;

# Add role to master.

Add-SqlLoginRole -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringMaster -LoginName $SqlUsername -Role dbmanager;

# New SQL user on application database.

New-SqlUser -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringApplication -LoginName $SqlUsername -DefaultSchema dbo;

# Add role to application database.

Add-SqlLoginRole -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringApplication -LoginName $SqlUsername -Role db_owner;

# Get source SQL user SID.

[string]$SourceSqlLoginSid = (Get-SqlLogin -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringMaster | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq $SqlUsername} | Select-Object @{Name = "SID"; Expression = {ConvertTo-SQLHashString -Binary $_.sid}}).SID;

# Create connection string to target master database.

$DestinationConnectionStringMaster = Get-SqlConnectionString -Server $TargetDbServer `

-Username $TargetUsername `

-Password $TargetPassword `

-LoginType $TargetLoginType;

# Create connection string to target master database using SQL credentail.

$DestinationConnectionStringMasterSqlCred = Get-SqlConnectionString -Server $TargetDbServer `

-Username $SqlUsername `

-Password $SqlPassword `

-LoginType SQLUser;

# Write to log.

Write-Log "";

Write-Log ("Connecting to '{0}' (target)" -f $TargetDbServer);

# Check if source and destination is not the same.

If($SourceDbServer -ne $TargetDbServer)

{

# Drop existing login.

Remove-SqlLogin -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringMaster -LoginName $SqlUsername;

# Drop existing user in master database.

Remove-SqlUser -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringMaster -LoginName $SqlUsername;

# New SQL login in master.

New-SqlLogin -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringMaster `

-LoginName $SqlUsername `

-Password $SqlPassword `

-SID $SourceSqlLoginSid;

# New SQL user on master database.

New-SqlUser -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringMaster `

-LoginName $SqlUsername `

-DefaultSchema dbo;

# Add role to master database.

Add-SqlLoginRole -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringMaster `

-LoginName $SqlUsername `

-Role dbmanager;

}

# Server source and destination is the same.

Else

{

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Source and target database server is the same, skipping login/user creation" -f $TargetDbServer);

}

# Drop database on destination if it exists.

Remove-SqlDatabase -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringMaster -Database $TargetDbName;

# Get elastic pool name.

$TargetElasticPoolName = Get-SqlElasticPoolNameForDbs -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringMaster | Select-Object -ExpandProperty elastic_pool_name -First 1;

# Copy database from source to a new database.

New-SqlDatabaseFromCopy -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringMasterSqlCred `

-SourceServer ([string]($SourceDbServer -split "\.")[0]) `

-SourceDatabaseName $SourceDbName `

-DestinationDatabaseName $TargetDbName `

-ElasticPoolName $TargetElasticPoolName;

# If CDC is enabled.

If(Get-AzureSqlDatabaseCdc -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringMaster | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq $TargetDbName})

{

# Create connection string to target application database.

$DestinationConnectionStringApplication = Get-SqlConnectionString -Server $TargetDbServer `

-Database $TargetDbName `

-Username $TargetUsername `

-Password $TargetPassword `

-LoginType $TargetLoginType;

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Disabling CDC for database '{0}'" -f $TargetDbName);

# Disable CDC.

Disable-AzureSqlDatabaseCdc -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringApplication;

}

# Clean up SQL login and user permission.

Remove-SqlLogin -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringMaster -LoginName $SqlUsername;

Remove-SqlUser -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringMaster -LoginName $SqlUsername;

Remove-SqlUser -ConnectionString $SourceConnectionStringApplication -LoginName $SqlUsername;

Remove-SqlLogin -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringMaster -LoginName $SqlUsername;

Remove-SqlUser -ConnectionString $DestinationConnectionStringMaster -LoginName $SqlUsername;

}

# Generate password.

Function New-Password

{

param

(

[Parameter(Mandatory = $false)][int]$Length = 20

)

# Characters allowed.

$CharSet = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789!@$'.ToCharArray();

# Create new crypto object.

$RNGCrypto = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.RNGCryptoServiceProvider;

# Convert length to bytes.

$Bytes = New-Object byte[]($Length);

# Get bytes.

$RNGCrypto.GetBytes($Bytes);

# New char object.

$Result = New-Object char[]($Length);

# For each byte.

for ($i = 0 ; $i -lt $Length ; $i++)

{

# Add random char to result.

$Result[$i] = $CharSet[$Bytes[$i]%$CharSet.Length];

}

# Combine and return charset.

Return (-join $Result) + "==";

}

# Get database with CDC enabled.

Function Get-AzureSqlDatabaseCdc

{

[CmdletBinding()]

param

(

# Connection string.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString

)

# Construct query.

[string]$Query =

SELECT name, database_id, is_cdc_enabled FROM sys.databases

WHERE is_cdc_enabled = 1

"@;

# Try to create.

Try

{

# Invoke query.

Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

}

Catch

{

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Something went wrong getting databases with CDC enabled");

}

# Disable database CDC.

Function Disable-AzureSqlDatabaseCdc

{

[CmdletBinding()]

param

(

# Connection string.

[Parameter(Mandatory=$true)]$ConnectionString

)

# Construct query.

[string]$Query =

EXEC sys.sp_cdc_disable_db;

"@;

# Try to create.

Try

{

# Invoke query.

Invoke-SqlQuery -ConnectionString $ConnectionString -Query $Query;

}

Catch

{

# Write to log.

Write-Log ("Something went wrong getting databases with CDC enabled");

}

############### Functions - End ###############

#endregion

#region begin main

############### Main - Start ###############

# Copy Azure SQL database.

Copy-AzureSqlDatabase -SourceDbServer $SourceDbServer `

-SourceDbName $SourceDbName `

-SourceUsername $SourceUsername `

-SourcePassword $SourcePassword `

-SourceLoginType $SourceLoginType `

-TargetDbServer $TargetDbServer `

-TargetDbName $TargetDbName `

-TargetUsername $TargetUsername `

-TargetPassword $TargetPassword `

-TargetLoginType $TargetLoginType;

############### Main - End ###############

#endregion

#region begin finalize

############### Finalize - Start ###############

############### Finalize - End ###############

#endregion

If you want to learn more about Azure SQL Database automation, then get in touch for an informal talk about your options.

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Copy a Azure SQL database across subscriptions

Requirements

Usage

The code

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